The journal was founded in 1957 under the name Revue Roumaine de Géologie et de Géographie and appeared as so until 1963. For a short period, 1964-1966, the name was changed to Revue Roumaine de Géologie. Between 1967-1989 the journal was entitled Revue Roumaine de Géologie, Géophysique et Géographie, Série de Géologie. Starting with 1989 the journal's name was changed to Revue Roumaine de Géologie. Since 1989 it has a bilingual name: Revue Roumaine de Géologie/Romanian Journal of Geology. It publishes one issue/year.

The journal is published under the auspices of the Romanian Academy since its first issue.

The publication of the journal in the new format is subject to a peer-review process undertaken by members of the Romanian Academy, prestigious scientists from research institutes and universities, acting in the field of Geology. The aim is to continue past preoccupations and enlarge international relations by including outstanding studies of foreign researchers.

The publication is free of charge and with open access.

Starting with 2006 all the volumes are also published electronically, on the website of the journal.